ÿþ<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>S&#298HARF&#298&#256&#7748 HAR&#298 SI&#7748GH NALV&#256</TITLE> <style type="text/css"> .BODY { background-color: #EAF1F7; background-image: url('images/gtbh.jpg'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: fixed; background-position: center; color: #0066CC;} .C1{text-align: justify;color: #0066CC;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .BIB{text-align: center;color: #000099;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .CONT{text-align: right;color: #FF0000;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} </style><META http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"></HEAD> <BODY class="BODY" oncontextmenu="return false" ondragstart="return false" onselectstart="return false"> <FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma"> <p class="C1">&#65279<i>S&#298HARF&#298&#256&#7748 HAR&#298 SI&#7748GH NALV&#256</i>, by Misr Har&#299 Chand who adopted the pen-name of Q&#257dar Y&#257r celebrating an earlier poet of this name, is a poem in Punjabi, Gurmukh&#299 script, describing the valorous deeds of Har&#299 Si&#7749gh Nalv&#257 (1793-1837), an army general of the Sikh times. Inspired by the elder Q&#257dar Y&#257r's <i>S&#299harf&#299 Sard&#257r Har&#299 Si&#7749gh Nalv&#257</i>, the poem was first published in 1924 by L&#257l&#257 Manohar D&#257s D&#363&#257 at Manohar Press, Sargodh&#257, under the title <i>Har&#299 Si&#7749gh Nalv&#257 v&#257 Ja&#7749g Pesh&#257war M&#257bain Sikh&#257&#7749 v&#257 Af<u>gh</u>&#257n&#257&#7749 ba' ahid Mah&#257r&#257j&#257 Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh j&#299 Mah&#257r&#257j&#257</i>. A reprint was brought out by Punjabi University, Pa&#7789i&#257l&#257, in 1965, the text having been edited by Ga&#7751&#7693&#257 Si&#7749gh noted Punjab historian, who had obtained in 1931 an incomplete copy of the work from S&#299t&#257 R&#257m Kohl&#299 which before publication he compared with and corrected against a copy in the possession of B&#257b&#257 Prem Si&#7749gh Hot&#299. The <i>S&#299harf&#299&#257&#7749</i> is divided into six parts pertaining to Mah&#257r&#257j&#257 Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh's decision to attack Dost Muhammad <u>Kh</u>&#257n, the king of K&#257bul, to seize Pesh&#257war; Har&#299 Si&#7749gh Nalv&#257's offer to lead that expedition ; internal strife at K&#257bul which prompted the Mah&#257r&#257j&#257 to hasten the expedition ; Nalv&#257's victory over the Af<u>gh</u>&#257ns who fled from Pesh&#257war without firing a shot; his occupation of Pesh&#257war and his appointment as governor of Pesh&#257war; Dost Muhammad <u>Kh</u>&#257n's attack on Pesh&#257war to recover control of the city from the Sikhs and the fierce battle at the Fort of Jamr&#363d in which Har&#299 Si&#7749gh was killed ; Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh's march towards Pesh&#257war on receipt of the tragic news; death of Ak&#257l&#299 Ph&#363l&#257 Si&#7749gh in the battle that ensued between the Af<u>gh</u>&#257ns and the Sikhs; defeat of the Af<u>gh</u>&#257ns at the hands of Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh; and the search for the body of Ph&#363l&#257 Si&#7749gh and its cremation by Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh.</p> <p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;A typical feature of the work composed in <i>s&#299harf&#299</i> form, borrowed from Persian, in which verses are arranged acrostically, is the poet's power of picturization. He has an inexhaustible store of native idiom and imagery, interspersed with Persian vocabulary. The dramatization of different events, especially of those which cover the battle of Jamr&#363d in which Har&#299 Si&#7749gh was fatally wounded, is a notable quality of the poem.</p> </ol><p class="CONT">&#256tamj&#299t Si&#7749gh<br></p><BR> </font><img src="counter.aspx" width="1px" height="1px" alt=""></HTML></BODY>