ÿþ<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>S&#256VAN MALL D&#298W&#256N (d. 1844)</TITLE> <style type="text/css"> .BODY { background-color: #EAF1F7; background-image: url('images/gtbh.jpg'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: fixed; background-position: center; color: #0066CC;} .C1{text-align: justify;color: #0066CC;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .BIB{text-align: center;color: #000099;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .CONT{text-align: right;color: #FF0000;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} </style><META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="SVAN,MALL,D*WN"> <META http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"></HEAD> <BODY class="BODY" oncontextmenu="return false" ondragstart="return false" onselectstart="return false"> <FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma"> <p class="C1">&#65279S&#256VAN MALL, D&#298W&#256N (d. 1844), governor of Mult&#257n from 1821 to 1844, was son of Hoshn&#257k R&#257i, a Chop&#7771&#257 Khatr&#299, in the service of Sard&#257r Dal Si&#7749gh of Ak&#257lga&#7771h. When in 1804, Mah&#257r&#257j&#257 Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh took over Ak&#257lga&#7771h on the death of Dal Si&#7749gh, S&#257van Mall was employed as a <i>munsh&#299</i> or clerk and was sent thereafter to Waz&#299r&#257b&#257d as <i>n&#257ib tahs&#299ld&#257r</i>. A good scholar of Persian and Arabic, he won the appreciation of the Mah&#257r&#257j&#257 for his intelligence and administrative skill and quickly rose to higher positions. In 1818, Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh conquered Mult&#257n, but the governors appointed by him one after the other proved inept. In 1821, he sent out S&#257van Mall, who turned out to be an efficient and benevolent administrator. Under his governorship, Mult&#257n attained a high level of prosperity. Robbery and lawlessness were put down; cultivation was extended, commerce, trade and industry flourished and even-handed justice was dealt out to the rich and the poor alike. The Mult&#257n <i>s&#363bah</i> was known throughout the kingdom as D&#257r al-Aman (the abode of peace).</p> <p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;S&#257van Mall had a tragic end. He was seriously wounded, on 16 September 1844, by an under-trial prisoner and died on 29 September 1844.</p> </font> <p class="BIB"> BIBLIOGRAPHY<p class="C1"><ol class="C1"><li class="C1"> S&#363r&#299, Sohan L&#257l, <i>'Umd&#257t ut-Tw&#257r&#299<u>kh</u></i>. Lahore, 1885-89<BR> <li class="C1"> Mohan Lal, <i>Travels in the Punjab, Afghanistan and Turkistan</i>. London, 1846<BR> <li class="C1"> Hasrat, Bikrama Jit, <i>Anglo-Sikh Relations</i>. Hoshiarpur, 1968<BR> <li class="C1"> Chopra, G.L., <i>The Panjab as a Sovereign State</i>. Hoshiarpur, 1960<BR> </ol><p class="CONT">Har&#299 R&#257m Gupta<br></p><BR> </font><img src="counter.aspx" width="1px" height="1px" alt=""></HTML></BODY>