ÿþ<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>SATN&#256M&#298</TITLE> <style type="text/css"> .BODY { background-color: #EAF1F7; background-image: url('images/gtbh.jpg'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: fixed; background-position: center; color: #0066CC;} .C1{text-align: justify;color: #0066CC;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .BIB{text-align: center;color: #000099;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .CONT{text-align: right;color: #FF0000;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} </style><META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="SATNM*"> <META http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"></HEAD> <BODY class="BODY" oncontextmenu="return false" ondragstart="return false" onselectstart="return false"> <FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma"> <p class="C1">&#65279SATN&#256M&#298. The word <i>satn&#257m&#299</i> is derived from <i>satn&#257m</i>, lit. the True Name, a term used in some religious traditions including Sikhism to denote the Supreme Being. Literally, a Satn&#257m&#299 is one who believes in and worships only the True Being and as such every Sikh is a Satn&#257m&#299. However, the term has been adopted by at least three religious bodies as a title of their respective sects. The S&#257dhs, a unitarian sect of northern India founded in 1543 by B&#299rbh&#257n and which is also said to be an offshoot of the R&#257id&#257s&#299s, employ this term among themselves. Probably, it was this sect of the S&#257dhs which was responsible for the Satn&#257m&#299 revolt against Aura&#7749gz&#299b in 1672. The next sect calling itself Satn&#257m&#299 was founded by Jagj&#299van D&#257s (b.1682) of Sard&#257h&#257 in the B&#257r&#257ba&#7749k&#299 district in Bih&#257r. He began his religious career as a Kab&#299rpanth&#299 and, according to some authorities, these Satn&#257m&#299s are merely a branch of that faith. Another sect called Satn&#257m&#299, believed to be a later offshoot of the R&#257id&#257s&#299s, is found in the Chhatt&#299sga&#7771h area and was founded between 1820-30 by Gh&#257s&#299 R&#257m, a <i>cham&#257r</i> by caste. These Satn&#257m&#299s profess to adore the True Name alone whom they consider the cause and creator of everything in this world. He is said to be formless, without a beginning and without an end. Although they profess to worship but one God, yet they also pay reverence to his manifestation revealed in incarnations, particularly those of R&#257ma and K&#7771&#7779&#7751&#257. Their moral code enjoins upon them indifference to the world; devotion to the gur&#363 ; clemencys and gentleness; rigid adherence to truth; honest discharge of all social and religious obligations; and the hope of final absorption into the Supreme. Fasts are kept, at least to a partial extent, on Tuesday (the day of Hanum&#257n) and on Sunday (the day of Sun). Their distinctive mark is a black and white twisted thread, usually of silk, worn on the right wrist. On the forehead is worn a <i>tilak</i>, consisting of one perpendicular streak. They bury their dead. Consumption of flesh and alcohol are taboo. They were nicknamed by the people as Mundiyas (Shavelings) because of their habit of shaving the body clean of all hair.</p> </font> <p class="BIB"> BIBLIOGRAPHY<p class="C1"><ol class="C1"><li class="C1"> Farquhar, J.N., <i>Modern Religious Movements in India</i>. London, 1924<BR> <li class="C1"> Narang, Kirpal Si&#7749gh <i>History of the Punjab</i>. Delhi, 1953<BR> <li class="C1"> Sarkar, Sir Jadunath, <i>A Short History of Aurangzib</i>. Calcutta, 1962<BR> <li class="C1"> Majumdar, R.C., ed., <i>The History and Culture of the Indian People</i>, vol. VIII. Bombay, 1974<BR> </ol><p class="CONT">Syad Hasan Askar&#299<br></p><BR> </font><img src="counter.aspx" width="1px" height="1px" alt=""></HTML></BODY>