ÿþ<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>IBRATN&#256MAH (The Book of Warning)</TITLE> <style type="text/css"> .BODY { background-color: #EAF1F7; background-image: url('images/gtbh.jpg'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: fixed; background-position: center; color: #0066CC;} .C1{text-align: justify;color: #0066CC;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .BIB{text-align: center;color: #000099;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .CONT{text-align: right;color: #FF0000;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} </style><META http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"></HEAD> <BODY class="BODY" oncontextmenu="return false" ondragstart="return false" onselectstart="return false"> <FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma"> <p class="C1">&#65279<i>'IBRATN&#256MAH</i> ("The Book of Warning"), by <u>Kh</u>air ud-D&#299n Muhammad All&#257h&#257b&#257d&#299 (d. 1827), a Persian manuscript copies of which are preserved in Oriental Public (<u>Kh</u>ud&#257 Ba<u>kh</u>sh) Library, B&#257&#7749k&#299pur, Pa&#7789na; Asiatic Society, Calcutta; British Library, London; and <u>Kh</u>&#257ls&#257 College, Amritsar, is a detailed history of the reigns of &#256lamg&#299r II (1754-59) and Sh&#257h &#256lam II (1759-1806), with a summary account of their ancestors beginning with Taim&#363r (d. 1405). <u>Kh</u>air ud-D&#299n was a teacher and historiographer who along with his three brothers had been in the service of the British. He spent his last days at Jaunpur enjoying government pension which he had earned principally by the assistance rendered to James Anderson, British resident with Mah&#257dj&#299 Scindia in 1784-85, in his negotiations with the Mar&#257&#7789h&#257s. The <i>'Ibratn&#257mah</i> is primarily concerned with the life of Sh&#257h &#256lam II and dwells extensively upon his earlier life as Prince 'Al&#299 Gauhar; his stay at All&#257h&#257b&#257d as a protege of the British; his restoration to the throne of Delhi; and treatment he received at the hands of <u>Gh</u>ul&#257m Q&#257dir Ruh&#299l&#257. The author is concerned more with the Emperor and his heir apparent and their relations with the Mar&#257&#7789h&#257s, J&#257&#7789s, R&#257jp&#363ts and the Ruh&#299l&#257s than with the Sikhs. There are references in the work to the capture of Mu<u>gh</u>l&#257n&#299 Begam, widow of Mu'&#299n ul-Mulk (M&#299r Mann&#363 of Sikh chronicles), in 1756 by the Delhi Waz&#299r, Im&#257d ud-M&#363lk <u>Gh</u>&#257z&#299 ud-D&#299n, who entrusted the government of Lahore and Mult&#257n to &#256d&#299n&#257 Beg <u>Kh</u>&#257n for an annual tribute of Rs 30 lakhs. There are occasional references to Sikh chiefs of the cis-Sutlej region such as R&#257j&#257 Amar Si&#7749gh of Pa&#7789i&#257l&#257 and Gajpat Si&#7749gh of J&#299nd in connection with the imperial campaign of 1779 in these parts led by Abdul-Ahd <u>Kh</u>&#257n Majd ud-Daulah.</p> </font> <p class="BIB"> BIBLIOGRAPHY<p class="C1"><ol class="C1"><li class="C1"> Kirpal Singh, <i>A Catalogue of Persian and Sanskrit Manuscripts</i>. Amritsar, 1962<BR> <li class="C1"> Ganda Singh, <i>A Bibliography of the Panjab</i>. Patiala, 1966<BR> </ol><p class="CONT">Syad Hasan Askar&#299<br></p><BR> </font> <img src="counter.aspx" width="1px" height="1px" alt=""> </HTML></BODY>