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<p class="C1">&#65279HOLKAR, JASVANT R&#256O (d.1811), Mar&#257&#7789h&#257 chief of lndore, who, defeated at &#7692&#299g and Fatehga&#7771h in 1804 by the British, moved northwards to obtain succour from the cis-Sutlej Sikh rulers and from Mah&#257r&#257j&#257 Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh. Accompanied by his Ruh&#299l&#257 ally, Am&#299r <u>Kh</u>&#257n, he arrived in 1805 at Pa&#7789i&#257l&#257, where he received assurances of help from the Sikh chiefs assembled there. Meanwhile, Lord Lake's army came in hot pursuit of the Mar&#257&#7789h&#257 refugee. On hearing the news of Lake's arrival at P&#257n&#299pat, he crossed over into the Jalandhar Do&#257b and ultimately reached Amritsar. Mah&#257r&#257j&#257 Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh, who was then camping near Mult&#257n, hastily came to see him. According to Sohan L&#257l S&#363r&#299, the official Lahore diarist, the Mah&#257r&#257j&#257 was hospitable to his "unwelcome guest," and kept him in royal style. A congress of the <u>Kh</u>&#257ls&#257 was held to decide what Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh might do to help Holkar. The Sikh ruler was counselled against engaging in an armed conflict with the British. It is also recorded that the Mah&#257r&#257j&#257's decision was based on a "command" obtained from the Gur&#363 Granth S&#257hib. Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh, nevertheless, interceded with the British on behalf of Jasvant R&#257o as a result of which a treaty was made between him and the East India Company. The Mar&#257&#7789h&#257 ruler secured the greater part of the territory which had been seized by the British.</p>
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Jasvant R&#257o Holkar became insane in 1806 and died on 20 October 1811.</p>
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BIBLIOGRAPHY<p class="C1"><ol class="C1"><li class="C1"> S&#363r&#299, Sohan L&#257l, <i>'Umd&#257t-ut-Tw&#257r&#299<u>kh</u></i>, Lahore, 1885-89<BR>
<li class="C1"> Khushwant Singh, <i>A History of the Sikhs</i>, vol. I. Princeton, 1963<BR>
<li class="C1"> Harbans Singh, <i>The Heritage of the Sikhs</i>. Delhi, 1983<BR>
</ol><p class="CONT">Sard&#257r Si&#7749gh Bh&#257&#7789&#299&#257<br></p><BR>
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