ÿþ<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>H&#298R&#256 SI&#7748GH DARD GI&#256N&#298 (1889-1965)</TITLE> <style type="text/css"> .BODY { background-color: #EAF1F7; background-image: url('images/gtbh.jpg'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: fixed; background-position: center; color: #0066CC;} .C1{text-align: justify;color: #0066CC;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .BIB{text-align: center;color: #000099;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .CONT{text-align: right;color: #FF0000;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} </style><META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="H*R,SIDGH,DARD,GIN*,Person,Person"> <META http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"></HEAD> <BODY class="BODY" oncontextmenu="return false" ondragstart="return false" onselectstart="return false"> <FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma"> <p class="C1">&#65279H&#298R&#256 SI&#7748GH DARD, GI&#256N&#298 (1889-1965), journalist and author, who in his early youth began writing religious and patriotic poetry in Punjabi under the pseudonym of "Dard", later absorbed into his name, was born on 30 September 1889 in the village of Ghaghro&#7789, in R&#257walpi&#7751&#7693&#299 district, now in Pakistan. His father Har&#299 Si&#7749gh, who belonged to a Br&#257hma&#7751 family of Puñchh, had come to settle in R&#257walpi&#7751&#7693&#299 and embraced the Sikh faith. H&#299r&#257 Si&#7749gh attended the Christian Mission School at R&#257walpi&#7751&#7693&#299 and was in 1907 appointed an octroi clerk in the local Municipal Committee which employment he resigned to become a teacher at the Si&#7749gh Sabh&#257 school at Chakk No 73 J.B., in Lyallpur district. While working at the school, he passed the Vidv&#257n (Proficiency), and Gi&#257n&#299 (Honours) examinations in Punjabi from the Pañj&#257b University, Lahore. During this period, he wrote poems on Sikh historical personages and events of which two collections <i>Upkar&#257&#7749 d&#299 Va&#7749nag&#299</i> (Samples of the Deeds of Charity) and <i>Sikh Bachchio J&#257go</i> (Wake up Sikh Youth), were published in 1912 and 1913, respectively.</p> <p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; H&#299r&#257 Si&#7749gh took part in the agitation for the restoration of the wall of Gurdw&#257r&#257 Rik&#257bgañj demolished by the British. He brought out a pamphlet on this issue which excited the entire Sikh community. He was among those who, in 1915, held a recitation of the Gur&#363 Granth S&#257hib in his school and offered prayers for the <i>Komagata Maru</i> passengers who had fallen martyrs to British bullets at Budge Budge Gh&#257&#7789 of the Hugl&#299 in Calcutta. For this he had to undergo arrest.</p> <p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; When in 1920, Master Sundar Si&#7749gh Lyallpur&#299 started the Punjabi daily, <i>Ak&#257l&#299</i>, from Lahore with Ma&#7749gal Si&#7749gh as editor, H&#299r&#257 Si&#7749gh was appointed an assistant editor. The newspaper was strongly anti government and H&#299r&#257 Si&#7749gh had to undergo a series of imprisonments. Coming out of jail in 1924, he launched a literary monthly <i>Phulv&#257&#7771&#299</i>, which was to become a landmark in Punjabi letters. The <i>Phulv&#257&#7771&#299</i> was published from Amritsar up to 1930 and thereafter, till its cessation in 1942, from Lahore, when H&#299r&#257 Si&#7749gh was arrested in the Quit India movement.</p> <p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; During those early years of the freedom movement in the country, H&#299r&#257 Si&#7749gh served as secretary of the Sikh League and as a member of the Shiroma&#7751&#299 Gurdw&#257r&#257 Parbandhak Committee, Amritsar. He was also, a member of the Punjab Provincial Congress Committee as well as of the All-India Congress Committee. He was one of the founders, with Sir Shah&#257b ud-D&#299n and Shr&#299 S.P. Si&#7749gh&#257, of the Punjabi Sabh&#257.</p> <p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; After the partition of the Punjab in 1947, he settled in Jalandhar and revived the <i>Phulv&#257&#7771&#299</i>. His views were now pronouncedly leftist. His publications of this later period include verse collections, <i>Hor Agere</i> (Yet Further), 1950, and <i>Cho&#7751ave Dard Sunehe</i> (Selected Messages from Dard), 1954, <i>Panth, Dharam te R&#257jn&#299t&#299</i> (Panth, Religion and Politics), 1950, <i>Nav&#299n Bh&#257rat de R&#257jas&#299 &#256g&#363</i> (Political Leaders of New India), 1952, and <i>Mer&#299&#257&#7749 Kujh Itih&#257sik Y&#257d&#257&#7749</i> (Some of My Historical Reminiscences), 1955. He tried his hand at short story writing also and published, in 1953, a slender volume <i>&#256s d&#299 Tand te Hor Kah&#257&#7751&#299&#257&#7749</i> (The Thread of Hope and Other Stories). His <i>Punjabi S&#257hit d&#257 Itih&#257s</i> (History of Punjabi Literature), 1953, written from the Marxist point of view, was chiefly meant as a textbook for students. He visited Malaya in 1938 and combining his experiences in that country with those of nearer home, he published a travel diary, <i>Brijbh&#363m&#299 te Mal&#257y&#257 d&#299 Y&#257tr&#257</i>, 1958.</p> <p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;H&#299r&#257 Si&#7749gh died after a long illness on 22 June 1965 at Jalandhar.</p> </font> <p class="BIB"> BIBLIOGRAPHY<p class="C1"><ol class="C1"><li class="C1"> Mohan Singh, <i>History of Punjabi Literature (1100-1932) </i>. Amritsar, 1956<BR> <li class="C1"> Pi&#257r Si&#7749gh, <i>Tej&#257 Si&#7749gh Samundr&#299</i>. Amritsar, 1975<BR> <li class="C1"> Dard, H&#299r&#257 Si&#7749gh, <i>Mer&#299&#257&#7749 Kujh Itih&#257sik Y&#257d&#257&#7749</i>. Jalandhar, 1955<BR> </ol><p class="CONT">Sant Si&#7749gh Sekho&#7749<br></p><BR> </font> <img src="counter.aspx" width="1px" height="1px" alt=""> </HTML></BODY>