ÿþ<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>GA&#7750&#7692&#256 SI&#7748GH MASHARIQ&#298 (1857-1909)</TITLE> <style type="text/css"> .BODY { background-color: #EAF1F7; background-image: url('images/gtbh.jpg'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: fixed; background-position: center; color: #0066CC;} .C1{text-align: justify;color: #0066CC;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .BIB{text-align: center;color: #000099;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .CONT{text-align: right;color: #FF0000;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} </style><META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="GAF ,SIDGH,MASHARIQ*,Person,Person"> <META http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"></HEAD> <BODY class="BODY" oncontextmenu="return false" ondragstart="return false" onselectstart="return false"> <FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma"> <p class="C1">&#65279GA&#7750&#7692&#256 SI&#7748GH MASHARIQ&#298 (1857-1909), Urdu poet, scholar and religious guide in the line of family preceptors to the chiefs of Ropa&#7771 in the Punjab. His grandfather, Bh&#257&#299 B&#257gh Si&#7749gh (1757-1822), and his father, Bh&#257&#299 Bishan Si&#7749gh (1809-90), had served the Ropa&#7771 family as priests and counsellors. When the British East India Company confiscated the princely state in 1846 for its sympathy with the Sikhs during the Anglo-Sikh war (1845-46), and placed R&#257j&#257 Bh&#363p Si&#7749gh, of Ropa&#7771, under detention in Sah&#257ranpur, Bh&#257&#299 Bishan Si&#7749gh accompanied his master to Sah&#257ranpur. He returned to Ropa&#7771 after the death of R&#257j&#257 Bh&#363p Si&#7749gh (1851) and settled down to a life of worship and strict religious discipline in his former residence, then famous as Granth&#299 B&#257<u>gh</u>. Here Ga&#7751&#7693&#257 Si&#7749gh Mashariq&#299 was born on 2 August 1857. He passed his middle standard examination from Bh&#257&#299 Bishan Si&#7749gh R&#257j Granth&#299 Middle School, Ropa&#7771. As he grew up he taught in the same school for some time and then joined service in the accounts branch of the Military Works Department of Government of India, where he rose to be an accounts officer. Ga&#7751&#7693&#257 Si&#7749gh gave evidence of his poetic genius when he was still very young. As was customary in those days, he adopted a pen-name for himself---which in his case was Mashariq&#299---lit. eastern. The young poet was deeply influenced by the uprise of the N&#257mdh&#257r&#299 movement, the tremors of which were then being felt in the Punjab and beyond. From the merely romantic, his poetry took a distinctly patriotic tone. He apprenticed himself to the famous Urdu poet D&#257<u>gh</u> Dehlav&#299. He also wrote verse in Persian which generally had a S&#363f&#299 touch. His poems usually appeared in <i>Pais&#257 A<u>kh</u>b&#257r</i> and <i>A<u>kh</u>b&#257r-i-'&#256m</i>, both published from Lahore. His fame as a poet travelled to Delhi, Uttar Pradesh (then United Province) and beyond. Mashariq&#299 also wrote Gur&#363 N&#257nak Dev's biography (<i>Janams&#257kh&#299</i> ) in Urdu which he called <i>Vigy&#257n Kosh</i> and which was published by &#256ft&#257b Press, Lahore, in 1883. He also wrote an annotated translation of <i>Japuj&#299</i> in Urdu. Published in 1892, it is the oldest work in this genre in Urdu.</p> <p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Ga&#7751&#7693&#257 Si&#7749gh Mashariq&#299 died at Ropa&#7771 on 2 April 1909. His Urdu and Persian poems were collected and arranged by his son, S&#363bed&#257r Narai&#7751 Si&#7749gh (1885-1968). These have been published by his grandson, Kulwant Si&#7749gh, in the form of a book entitled <i>D&#299w&#257n-i-Mashariq&#299.</i> The first 28 pages of the <i>D&#299w&#257n</i> contain eulogies of the Lord, Manifest and Unmanifest. Then follows praise of Gur&#363 N&#257nak and Gur&#363 Gobind Si&#7749gh. Thereafter begins the text comprising 264 <u>gh</u>azals of all shades, amorous, gnostic, didactic and patriotic. The third part of the <i>D&#299w&#257n</i> comprises miscellaneous verse, epigrams and <i>mathnav&#299s</i>.</p> </font> <p class="BIB"> BIBLIOGRAPHY<p class="C1"><ol class="C1">Kulwant Singh, <i>Late Sardar Ganda Singh Mashariqi</i>. Chandigarh, n.d.<BR> </ol><p class="CONT">Pi&#257r Si&#7749gh<br></p><BR> </font> <img src="counter.aspx" width="1px" height="1px" alt=""> </HTML></BODY>