ÿþ<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>CHAUP&#256 SI&#7748GH (d. 1724)</TITLE> <style type="text/css"> .BODY { background-color: #EAF1F7; background-image: url('images/gtbh.jpg'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: fixed; background-position: center; color: #0066CC;} .C1{text-align: justify;color: #0066CC;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .BIB{text-align: center;color: #000099;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .CONT{text-align: right;color: #FF0000;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} </style><META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="CHAUP,SIDGH"> <META http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"></HEAD> <BODY class="BODY" oncontextmenu="return false" ondragstart="return false" onselectstart="return false"> <FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma"> <p class="C1">&#65279CHAUP&#256 SI&#7748GH (d. 1724), earlier name Chaupati R&#257i, was a prominent Sikh in the retinue of Gur&#363 Te<u>gh</u> Bah&#257dur (1621-75) and then of Gur&#363 Gobind Si&#7749gh (1666-1708). He was born in a Chhibbar (Br&#257hma&#7751) family of Ka&#7771i&#257l&#257, a village in Jehlum district, now in Pakistan. His grandfather, Gautam, had accepted the Sikh faith and was followed in this allegiance by his two sons - Pai&#7771&#257 and Pr&#257g&#257. The former was Chaupati R&#257i's father; in the lineage of the latter, known for his martial skill during the time of Gur&#363 Hargobind (1595-1644), were Dargah Mall, Dharam Chand, Gurba<u>kh</u>sh Si&#7749gh and Kesar Si&#7749gh. Chaupati R&#257i remained attached to the Gur&#363s' household from the time of Gur&#363 Har R&#257i to whose service he had been piously assigned by his parents. According to Kesar Si&#7749gh Chhibbar, <i>Ba&#7749s&#257val&#299n&#257m&#257</i>, he accompanied Gur&#363 Te<u>gh</u> Bah&#257dur to Pa&#7789n&#257 where during the infancy and early childhood of (Gur&#363) Gobind Si&#7749gh he acted as his <i>khi&#7693&#257v&#257</i> or attendant. He also taught the child Gurmukh&#299 and &#7788&#257kr&#299 letters. When Gur&#363 Gobind Si&#7749gh inaugurated the <u>Kh</u>&#257ls&#257 in 1699, Chaupati R&#257i also received the initiatory rites and became Chaup&#257 Si&#7749gh. Chaup&#257 Si&#7749gh's title to permanent fame stems from the association of his name with a Sikh manual <i>Haz&#363r&#299 Rahitn&#257m&#257</i>, popularly called <i>Rahitn&#257m&#257 Chaup&#257 Si&#7749gh</i>. The family tradition as recorded in the <i>Ba&#7749sav&#257l&#299n&#257m&#257</i> affirms that Chaupa Si&#7749gh was selected by Gur&#363 Gobind Si&#7749gh to produce the first <i>rahitn&#257m&#257</i>, code of conduct, and as he humbly pleaded insufficient competence for so weighty a responsibility, he was reassured by the promise that the Gur&#363 himself would inspire and direct the words which he uttered. Further, that a copy was made in the hand of a Sikh, S&#299tal Si&#7749gh Bahr&#363p&#299&#257, and taken to the Gur&#363 for his imprimatur. The colophon of the extant text is, however, vague about its authorship and some of the injunctions in it conflict with the accepted Sikh code. Chaup&#257 Si&#7749gh remained with the Gur&#363 until 1705 when at the time of evacuation of Anandpur he proceeded to Delhi in the entourage of the ladies of the Gur&#363's family. He remained in Delhi until his death by execution in 1724, except for a brief sojourn in Talva&#7751&#7693&#299 S&#257bo sometime in 1706 when with M&#257t&#257 Sundar&#299 and M&#257t&#257 S&#257hib Dev&#257&#7749 he went there to see the Gur&#363. He was one of the band of the followers of Aj&#299t Si&#7749gh, adopted son of M&#257t&#257 Sundar&#299, later discarded, which became involved in a public fracas resulting in the death of a Muslim <i>faq&#299r</i>. In consequence, sixty of them were arrested and executed on M&#257gh Sud&#299 4, 1780 Bk / 18 January 1724. Chaup&#257 Si&#7749gh was one of them.</p> </font> <p class="BIB"> BIBLIOGRAPHY<p class="C1"><ol class="C1"><li class="C1"> McLeod, W. H, <i>The Chaupa Singh Rahitnama</i>. Dunedin, 1987<BR> <li class="C1"> Chhibbar, Kesar Si&#7749gh, <i>Ba&#7749s&#257val&#299n&#257m&#257 D&#257s&#257&#7749 P&#257tsh&#257h&#299&#257&#7749 K&#257</i>. Chandigarh, 1972<BR> </ol><p class="CONT">Pi&#257r&#257 Si&#7749gh Padam<br></p><BR> </font> <img src="counter.aspx" width="1px" height="1px" alt=""> </HTML></BODY>