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<p class="C1">&#65279BU&#7748G&#256S, The word <i>bu&#7749g&#257</i> is derived from the Persian <i>bu&#7749gah</i> meaning a hospice, or a dwelling place. In the Sikh tradition, the word specifically refers to the dwelling places and mansions which grew up around the Harimandar at Amritsar and at other centres of Sikh pilgrimage. These were primarily the houses built by the conquering <i>sard&#257rs</i> and chiefs in Sikh times or by Sikh schoolmen and sectaries. Amritsar housed the largest complex of such buildings. All of the Amritsar <i>bun&#775g&#257s</i> have not survived, but a fairly comprehensive list of them can be compiled from references in old chronicles, including contemporary Persian sources. Ahmad Sh&#257h Ba&#7789&#257l&#299&#257 wrote in his Persian work <i>Tw&#257r&#299<u>kh</u>-i-Hind</i> AH 1233/AD 1817-18, that, around their place of worship amidst the <i>sarovar</i> at Amritsar, the Sikh <i>sard&#257rs</i> had erected many mansions which they called <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i>.</p>
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;	The English adventurer Major H. M. L. Lawrence, who is said to have attained the rank of colonel in the service of Mah&#257r&#257j&#257 Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh in May 1830, has recorded that there existed many <i>bun&#775g&#257s</i> around the sacred tank at Amritsar. According to him, each <i>misl</i> had its own <i>bu&#7749g&#257</i>, while some chiefs had built their personal <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i> as well. The French scientist Victor Jacquemont and the British chronicler W. L. M' Gregor have also referred to these buildings though with out uising the word <i>bu&#7749g&#257</i>.</p>
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;	Houses and hutments had existed around the holy tank at Amritsar since the time of Gur&#363 R&#257m D&#257s who had begun the excavation. But the premises remained deserted during periods of persecution in the eighteenth century. The Af<u>gh</u>&#257n invader, Ahmad Sh&#257h Durr&#257n&#299, demolished the holy Harimandar and its surroundings more than once during his inroads into India. The Sikhs returned each time to rebuild these and when they established their authority in the Punjab with the twelve <i>misls</i> or chiefships dividing the country among themselves, Amritsar became their political capital as well. The <i>sard&#257rs</i> reconstructed the temple, cleansed the tank and fortifications for the security of the town. Some of them built their <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i> on the periphery of the sacred pool. Special importance was attached to the Ak&#257l Ta<u>kh</u>t, also called Ta<u>kh</u>t Ak&#257l Bu&#7749g&#257, established by Gur&#363 Hargobind himself in 1606 as the seat of highest religious authority for the Sikhs. At the Ak&#257l Bu&#7749g&#257, the Sarbatt <u>Kh</u>&#257ls&#257, i. e. the general body of the Sikhs, met from time to time, especially on the occasions of Bais&#257kh&#299 and D&#299v&#257l&#299, formulated policy and passed <i>gurmat&#257s</i> or resolutions. It was at the Ta<u>kh</u>t Ak&#257l Bu&#7749g&#257 that <i>misls</i>, lit. files, of the territorial acquisitions of each of the <i>sard&#257rs</i> were maintained.</p>
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;	The <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i> could be broadly classified into three categories--(i) those belonging to the different ruling clans, (ii) those belonging to individual <i>sard&#257rs</i> and chiefs, (iii) those belonging to different sects such as Ud&#257s&#299s, Nirmal&#257s, Sev&#257panth&#299s and Ak&#257l&#299s. Some of these last named were centres of Sikh education and learning. There were <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i> which became famous as seats of eminent poets and scholars. Bh&#257&#299 K&#257hn Si&#7749gh of N&#257bh&#257 lists in his <i>Guru Mahim&#257 Ratn&#257val&#299</i> names of a few men of letters who flourished in the <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i>. For instance, Sant Nih&#257l Si&#7749gh II, a reputed poet was the <i>mahant</i>, or custodian, of Sohal&#257&#7749v&#257l&#257 Bu&#7749g&#257. He was a pupil of Gi&#257n&#299 R&#257m Si&#7749gh, and was the author of scholarly work <i>Kav&#299ndra Prak&#257sh</i>. His disciple Nih&#257l Si&#7749gh, who succeeded him as the <i>mahant</i> of Bu&#7749g&#257 Sohal&#257&#7749v&#257l&#257 was himself a well-known scholar.</p>
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;	Bh&#257&#299 Sant Si&#7749gh Gi&#257n&#299 of Bu&#7749g&#257 Gi&#257n&#299&#257&#7749 was a renowned scholar and wrote a commentary in prose on Tuls&#299 D&#257s's <i>R&#257macharita-M&#257nasa</i>. He enjoyed great esteem in the time of Mah&#257r&#257j&#257 Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh and was appointed head priest of the Harimandar.</p>
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;	Santokh Si&#7749gh, pen-name Tokh Har&#299, of Gha&#7771i&#257lv&#257l&#257 Bu&#7749g&#257, was a famous poet of his time and composed <i>Gur&#363 Kabitva M&#257&#7751&#299kya Manj&#363sh&#257</i>. Buddh Si&#7749gh, who has been referred to as a celebrated contemporary poet of Braj Bh&#257sh&#257 by Ga&#7751esh D&#257s Ba&#7693her&#257 in his Persian work <i>Ch&#257r-ba<u>gh</u>-i-Pañj&#257b</i> and who translated <i>Pañch Tantra</i> from the Sanskrit, was associated with Shah&#299d Bu&#7749g&#257. Ratan Si&#7749gh Bha&#7749g&#363, the author of the <i>Pr&#257ch&#299n Panth Prak&#257sh</i>, composed his poeticized history of the Sikhs in the Bu&#7749g&#257 of Shy&#257m Si&#7749gh of Karo&#7771si&#7749gh&#299&#257 <i>misl</i>. The <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i> belonging to the Nirmal&#257s, Ud&#257s&#299s, Sev&#257panth&#299s, Gi&#257n&#299s and Granth&#299s also served as educational institutions. The Ud&#257s&#299 <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i> belonging to B&#257b&#257 Pr&#299tam D&#257s and Bh&#257&#299 Vast&#299 R&#257m were famous centres of learning. Two Bu&#7749g&#257s were engaged in teaching Sanskrit. They were <i>bu&#7749g&#257</i> Hukam Si&#7749gh and Bu&#7749g&#257 M&#257ikv&#257l. Hukam Si&#7749gh Bu&#7749g&#257 was run by &#256gy&#257 R&#257m. The M&#257ikv&#257l Bu&#7749g&#257 had a <i>p&#257&#7789hsh&#257l&#257</i> attached to it presided over by Braj L&#257l. Both the <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i> were under the Ud&#257s&#299s. Besides Sanskrit, they taught their pupils to read and write Gurmukh&#299. Some of the <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i> were institutions of advanced studies and provided instruction in Ved&#257nta, grammar and logic. One such <i>bu&#7749g&#257</i> was that of the Malva&#299s, which was built with the beneficence of the Sikh chiefs and <i>sard&#257rs</i> of the M&#257lv&#257 region. The Kap&#363rthal&#257 Bu&#7749g&#257 served by Sant Chand&#257 Si&#7749gh and Sant Day&#257 Si&#7749gh specialized in the interpretation of the Gur&#363 Granth S&#257hib. Gi&#257n&#299 Sant Si&#7749gh and Parduman Si&#7749gh were also originally attached to this Bu&#7749g&#257 which claimed Mah&#257&#7749 K&#257v&#299 Bh&#257&#299 Santokh Si&#7749gh as its most distinguished alumnus. Another old pupil was Bh&#257&#299 R&#257m Si&#7749gh, who ran a Gurmukh&#299 <i>p&#257&#7789hsh&#257l&#257</i> and was for some time tutor to Kha&#7771ak Si&#7749gh, the eldest son of Mah&#257r&#257j&#257 Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh. The <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i> of R&#257g&#299 K&#257hn Si&#7749gh, R&#257gi Cha&#7771hat Si&#7749gh and R&#257gi Dhanpat Si&#7749gh trained pupils in Sikh music. The &#256hl&#363v&#257l&#299&#257 Bu&#7749g&#257 was likewise an academy of music, with R&#257j&#257 Fateh Si&#7749gh of Kap&#363rthal&#257 as its chief patron. It excelled at instrumental music and was famous for its courses on Rab&#257b, S&#257ra&#7749g&#299, M&#299rda&#7749g and Kachcchav&#257 which were normally played in the Harimandar. The Bu&#7749g&#257 Si&#7749ghpur&#299&#257&#7749 imparted training in Gurmukh&#299 calligraphy for transcribing copies of the Gur&#363 Granth S&#257hib. Two of its inmates, Bh&#257&#299 Lahor&#257 Si&#7749gh and Bh&#257&#299 Har&#299 Si&#7749gh, were especially known for their mastery of the art. The chief patron of the Bu&#7749g&#257 was Gi&#257n&#299 Sant Si&#7749gh himself a fine calligraphist. Some of the <i>&#7693er&#257s</i>, especially those belonging to Ud&#257s&#299s, concentrated on indigenous medicine. Among these the Jalli&#257&#7749v&#257l&#257 Bu&#7749g&#257 was known for the treatment of skin diseases. Gha&#7771i&#257lv&#257l&#257 Bu&#7749g&#257 was concerned with announcing the time of the day at regular intervals, principally for services in the Harimandar.</p>
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;	Each <i>bu&#7749g&#257</i> was managed by a supervisor called <i>bu&#7749ga&#299</i>. He daily recited the Gur&#363 Granth S&#257hib and looked after the comfort of the pilgrims. For maintenance, the <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i> depended on the sects or individual <i>sard&#257rs</i> who had built them or who patronized them. Whenever Sikh chiefs visited the Harimandar to offer obeisance, they always left money and sweets to be distributed among the different <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i>. The <i>sarbar&#257h</i> or manager of the Harimandar was in a position to issue instructions to the supervisors of the <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i> about the management of their affairs, discipline, etc.</p>
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;	On the enactment of the Sikh Gurdwara Act in 1925, the <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i> and their properties were placed on the lists of the Shiroma&#7751&#299 Committee. But the owners of the <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i> challenged this in the Gurdw&#257r&#257 Tribunal. The Tribunal decided the case in their favour. An appeal against the decision of the Tribunal was lost in the Punjab High Court. In 1943, the Shiroma&#7751&#299 Gurdw&#257r&#257 Parbandhak Committee decided to widen the <i>parikram&#257</i>, the circumambulatory terrace around the <i>sarovar</i>, for which many old <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i> would have to be demolished. It therefore purchased the Bu&#7749g&#257s which were not already the property of Darb&#257r S&#257hib and demolished those which fell within the <i>parikram&#257</i> widening scheme. The actual work was, however, taken up and completed after the partition (Independence) of the country in 1947. Now all buildings adjoining the <i>parikram&#257</i>, with the exception of Bu&#7749g&#257 Akh&#257r&#257 Brahm B&#363t&#257, are Gurdw&#257r&#257 property.</p>
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;	The names of the founders and owners of the <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i>, the years of construction, details concerning the buildings, <i>j&#257g&#299rs</i> and properties attached and the names of the <i>bu&#7749g&#257is</i> are recorded in <i>Tar&#299<u>kh</u>-i-Amritsar ke Chand M&#257<u>kh</u>az</i> and <i>Report Sri Darbar Sahib</i>. The former lists 72 <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i> and the latter 73. Below is given a list of 68 <i>bu&#7749g&#257s</i> and 12 akh&#257&#7771&#257s as recorded by Gi&#257n&#299 Gi&#257n Si&#7749gh in <i>Tw&#257r&#299<u>kh</u> Sr&#299 Amritsar</i>, written in 1946 Bk/AD 1889, first printed in AD 1923 and reprinted in 1977. Many of these buildings fell into disuse; most of the others were acquired by the Shiroma&#7751&#299 Gurdw&#257r&#257 Parbandhak Committee and demolished to bring symmetry to the surroundings of the Harimandar.</p>
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>Bu&#7749g&#257s on the western side of the Harimandar S&#257hib</i>:</p>
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		Buṅgā Jalliāṅvālā</font></td>
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		2.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Shāhābādīāṅ</font></td>
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		3.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Majīṭhīāṅ</font></td>
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		4.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Siṅghpurīāṅ</font></td>
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		5.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Siṅghpurīāṅ, 2nd</font></td>
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		6.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Gaddovālīāṅ</font></td>
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		7.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Khushāl Siṅgh also known as Buṅgā Tīn Manzalā (three-storyed)</font></td>
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		8.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Kanhaiyā Sardārāṅ</font></td>
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		9.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Rājā Dhiān Siṅgh</font></td>
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		10.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Bārāṅdarivālā</font></td>
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		11.</font></td>
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		Akāl Buṅgā</font></td>
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		12.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Jodh Siṅgh Chhāpāvālā</font></td>
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		13.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Bhāg Siṅgh Shahīd</font></td>
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		14.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Devā Siṅgh Shahīd
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		15.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Rāgī Dhanpat Siṅgh</font></td>
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		16.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā General Mīhāṅ Siṅgh</font></td>
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		17.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Bhāī Gurdās, Giānī</font></td>
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		18.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Abhai Siṅgh Hukamnāmīā</font></td>
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		19.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Nakāīāṅ (Nakāi Buṅgā)</font></td>
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		20.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Barkīvālīāṅ</font></td>
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		21.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Ghaṛiālvālā
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		22.</font></td>
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		Jhaṇḍā Buṅgā</font></td>
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		23.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Chamārīvālīāṅ</font></td>
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		24.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Khaḍūrīāṅ</font></td>
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		25.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Siālkoṭīāṅ</font></td>
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		26.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Gobind Dāsīāṅ</font></td>
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		27.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Chīchevālīāṅ</font></td>
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		28.</font></td>
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		Buṅgā Sukkarchakkīāṅ</font></td>
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<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>Bu&#7749g&#257s on northern side : </i>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>
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1.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
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<p class="C1">
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Gha&#7751t&#257 Ghar (Clock Tower, which was erected, where earlier stood the Bu&#7749g&#257 of Sard&#257rs of L&#257&#7693v&#257)</font></p>
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<p class="C1"><FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
2.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
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<p class="C1">
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Bu&#7749g&#257 So&#7693h&#299s of Anandpur/Bu&#7749g&#257 So&#7693h&#299&#257&#7749</font></p>
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<p class="C1"><FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
3.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
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<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 K&#257hn Si&#7749gh Nirmal&#257</font></p>
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<p class="C1"><FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
4.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
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<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 K&#257hn Si&#7749gh Rag&#299</font></p>
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<p class="C1"><FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
5.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
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<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 N&#363rmahal&#299&#257&#7749</font></p>
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<p class="C1"><FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
6.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
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<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 &#256hl&#363v&#257l&#299&#257&#7749</font></p>
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<p class="C1"><FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
7.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
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<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Malva&#299&#257&#7749/Malva&#299 Bu&#7749g&#257</font></p>
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<p class="C1"><FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
8.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
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<p class="C1">
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Bu&#7749g&#257 Bh&#257&#299 S&#257hibs of Kaithal</font></p>
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<p class="C1"><FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
9.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td width="708">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Jallev&#257l&#299&#257&#7749</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>Bu&#7749g&#257s on eastern side</i> :</p>
<div align="center">
<table border="1" width="28%" id="table4" bordercolor="#0066CC" cellpadding="6">
	<tr>
		<td width="39">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
1.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Akh&#257&#7771&#257 Mahant Santokh D&#257s</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="39">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
2.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 R&#257m Si&#7749gh Gi&#257n&#299</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="39">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
3.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Jass&#257 Si&#7749gh R&#257mga&#7771h&#299&#257</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="39">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
4.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 B&#363&#7771&#299ev&#257l&#299&#257&#7749</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="39">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
5.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Je&#7789huv&#257l&#299&#257&#7749</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="39">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
6.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Mazhab&#299 Sikkh&#257&#7749</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="39">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
7.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Bh&#257&#299 Vast&#299 R&#257m</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="39">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
8.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Jav&#257l&#257 Si&#7749gh Bha&#7771h&#257&#7751&#299&#257&#7749</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="39">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
9.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Sant Jog&#257 Si&#7749gh Nirmal&#257</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="39">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
10.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 &#7788ek Si&#7749ghv&#257l&#257</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>Bu&#7749g&#257s on southern side</i> :</p>
<div align="center">
<table border="1" width="28%" id="table5" bordercolor="#0066CC" cellpadding="6">
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
1.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Sohal&#257&#7749v&#257l&#299&#257&#7749/Sohal&#257&#7749v&#257l&#257</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
2.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Buddh Si&#7749ghv&#257l&#257</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
3.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Soh&#299&#257&#7749v&#257l&#257</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
4.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Shah&#299d Bu&#7749g&#257</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
5.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Kesga&#7771h&#299&#257&#7749</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
6.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Anandpur&#299&#257&#7749</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
7.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Dasaundh&#257 Si&#7749gh Sidhv&#257&#7749</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
8.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Jhab&#257l&#299&#257&#7749</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
9.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 K&#257lia&#7749v&#257le Sard&#257r&#257&#7749</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
10.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 T&#257r&#257 Si&#7749gh K&#257hn Si&#7749gh M&#257n</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
11.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 T&#257r&#257 Si&#7749gh <u>Gh</u>aib&#257</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
12.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Bha&#7749g&#257 Si&#7749gh Th&#257nesar&#299</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
13.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p></td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Majj&#257 Si&#7749gh S&#257hn&#257v&#257l&#299&#257</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
		<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
		14.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p></td>
		<td>
		<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
		Bu&#7749g&#257 Baghel Si&#7749gh</font></p></td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
15.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 M&#299r&#257&#7749ko&#7789&#299&#257&#7749</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
16.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Sh&#257m Si&#7749gh A&#7789&#257r&#299v&#257l&#257</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
17.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Jass&#257 Si&#7749gh Nirmal&#257</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
18.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Lakkh&#257 Si&#7749gh Nirmal&#257</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
19.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Cha&#7771hat Si&#7749gh R&#257g&#299</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
20.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Jodh Si&#7749gh Sau&#7771i&#257&#7749v&#257l&#257</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
21.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Jav&#257l&#257 Si&#7749gh Bha&#7771h&#257&#7751&#299&#257&#7749</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="41">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
22.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Bu&#7749g&#257 Kab&#363lev&#257l&#299&#257&#7749</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(This includes one Akh&#257&#7771&#257-Mahant Santokh D&#257s)</p>
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>Akh&#257&#7771&#257s of Amritsar</i>:</p>
<div align="center">
<table border="1" width="51%" id="table6" bordercolor="#0066CC" cellpadding="6">
	<tr>
		<td width="43">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
1.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Akh&#257&#7771&#257 Santokh D&#257s, now known as Akh&#257&#7771&#257 Brahm B&#363&#7789&#257 (included in Bu&#7749g&#257s)</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="43">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
2.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Akh&#257&#7771&#257 Gham&#257&#7751&#7693 D&#257s</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="43">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
3.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Akh&#257&#7771&#257 Chi&#7789&#7789&#257</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="43">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
4.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Akh&#257&#7771&#257 &#7788ahil D&#257s</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="43">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
5.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Akh&#257&#7771&#257 B&#257l&#257 N&#257nd</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="43">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
6.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Akh&#257&#7771&#257 Mahant Prem D&#257s</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="43">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
7.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Akh&#257&#7771&#257 Sa&#7749galv&#257l&#257</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="43">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
8.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Akh&#257&#7771&#257 K&#257&#7749sh&#299v&#257l&#257, near Darw&#257z&#257 Gh&#299 Ma&#7751&#7693&#299</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="43">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
9.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Akh&#257&#7771&#257 K&#257&#7749shiv&#257l&#257, near Darw&#257z&#257 Sult&#257nvi&#7751&#7693</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="43">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
10.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Akh&#257&#7771&#257 Pr&#257g D&#257s</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="43">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
11.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Akh&#257&#7771&#257 Babeksar</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td width="43">
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
12.&nbsp;&nbsp;
</font>
		</p>
		</td>
		<td>
<p class="C1">
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">
Akh&#257&#7771&#257 Sam&#257dh&#299&#257&#7749v&#257l&#257</font></p>
		</td>
	</tr>
</table>
</div>
</font>
<p class="BIB">
BIBLIOGRAPHY<p class="C1"><ol class="C1"><li class="C1"> Bha&#7749g&#363, Ratan Si&#7749gh, <i>Pr&#257ch&#299n Panth Prak&#257sh</i>. Amritsar, 1914<BR>
<li class="C1"> Gi&#257n Si&#7749gh, Gi&#257n&#299, <i>Tw&#257r&#299<u>kh</u> Sr&#299 Amritsar</i>. Amritsar, 1977<BR>
<li class="C1"> M'Gregor, W. L. , <i>The History of the Sikhs [Reprint] </i>. Patiala, 1970<BR>
<li class="C1"> Forster, George, <i>A Journey from Bengal to England</i>. London, 1798<BR>
<li class="C1"> Ramgarhia, Sundar Singh <i>The Annals of Ramgarhia Sardars</i>. Amritsar, 1902<BR>
</ol><p class="CONT">Madanjit Kaur<br></p><BR>
</font>
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