<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>BHAV&#256N&#298 D&#256S D&#298W&#256N (1770-1834)</TITLE>
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<p class="C1">&#65279BHAV&#256N&#298 D&#256S, D&#298W&#256N (1770-1834), was the son of D&#299w&#257n &#7788h&#257kur D&#257s, revenue and finance minister of the Af<u>gh</u>&#257n king, Ahmad Sh&#257h Durr&#257n&#299. Bhav&#257n&#299 D&#257s succeeded to the position after the death of his father and served successively Sh&#257h Zam&#257n, Sh&#257h Mahm&#363d and Sh&#257h Shuj&#257' until 1808 when Mah&#257r&#257j&#257 Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh having heard of his reputation, invited him to Lahore to take charge of the State's finances. At Lahore, Bhav&#257n&#299 D&#257s set up 12 departments called <i>daftars</i> to deal with all civil and military accounts. In the districts of different <i>s&#363bahs</i> treasuries were established to maintain regular accounts of income and expenditure. In the newly conquered territories, settlement officers were appointed to regulate revenue and finance. On occasions, Diw&#257n Bhav&#257n&#299 D&#257s also performed diplomatic and military duties. He was one of the Mah&#257r&#257j&#257's counsellors at the negotiations with the British envoy, Charles T. Metcalfe. In 1809, he was sent to Jamm&#363 in command of a Sikh force, which conquered and annexed the city. In 1813, he reduced Har&#299pur state in the K&#257&#7749g&#7771&#257 hills; in 1816, he annexed the R&#257mga&#7771h&#299&#257 estates to the Lahore kingdom. Twice, in 1816 and 1817, he commanded a division of the Lahore army in the Mult&#257n expeditions. He also took part in the expeditions to Pesh&#257war and the Y&#363safza&#299 country.</p>
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D&#299w&#257n Bhav&#257n&#299 D&#257s suffered a temporary eclipse in his career when he was accused of misappropriation of State revenues, and was expelled from Lahore to the hills of K&#257&#7749g&#7771&#257. He was, however, soon recalled from K&#257&#7749g&#7771&#257 and reinstated in his position as the charges against him could not be proved.</p>
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;He remained in the service of the Mah&#257r&#257j&#257 till his death in 1834.</p>
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BIBLIOGRAPHY<p class="C1"><ol class="C1"><li class="C1"> S&#363r&#299, Sohan L&#257l, '<i>Umd&#257t-ut-Tw&#257r&#299<u>kh</u></i>. Lahore, 1885-89<BR>
<li class="C1"> Griffin, Lepel, and C. F. Massy, <i>Chiefs and Families of Note in the Punjab</i>. Lahore, 1909<BR>
<li class="C1"> Garret, H. L. O. , and G. L. Chopra, eds. , <i>Events at the Court of Ra&#7751jit Singh</i>. Delhi, 1986<BR>
<li class="C1"> Bhagat Singh, <i>Maharaja Ranjit Singh and His Times</i>. Delhi, 1990<BR>
<li class="C1"> Latif, Syad Muhammad, <i>History of the Panjab</i>, Delhi, 1964<BR>
</ol><p class="CONT">Har&#299 R&#257m Gupta<br></p><BR>
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