ÿþ<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>BASANT</TITLE> <style type="text/css"> .BODY { background-color: #EAF1F7; background-image: url('images/gtbh.jpg'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: fixed; background-position: center; color: #0066CC;} .C1{text-align: justify;color: #0066CC;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .BIB{text-align: center;color: #000099;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .CONT{text-align: right;color: #FF0000;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} </style><META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="BASANT"> <META http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"></HEAD> <BODY class="BODY" oncontextmenu="return false" ondragstart="return false" onselectstart="return false"> <FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma"> <p class="C1">&#65279BASANT, a musical measure used in the Gur&#363 Granth S&#257hib. It is a <i>r&#257ga</i> of the season of Basant (Skt. <i>vasant</i>) or spring, and during that season can be sung any time of day or night. Otherwise, it is reserved for the night between 9 p. m. and midnight. It is a very popular and melodious measure tracing its origin to the eighth century. In the <i>R&#257gam&#257l&#257</i>, as included in the Sikh scripture, it is recorded as a son (<i>putra</i>) of Hi&#7751&#7693ol which is also a <i>r&#257ga</i> of spring. The only variant of Basant employed in the Gur&#363 Granth S&#257hib is Basant Hi&#7751&#7693ol : the latter is not very popular and is used in no other <i>granth</i>. Basant is performed in slow tempo, and this gentle melody depicts quiet joy. The descending scale is usually found at the beginning of a composition with the ascending form following later.</p> <blockquote class="C1"><p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ascending : Sa Ga M'a Dha &#7776a</p> <p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Descending : R'e Ne Dha Pa - M'a Ga M'a Ga Re Sa</p> <p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;V&#257d&#299s : <i>tar saptak</i> &#7776a and <i>madhya saptak</i> Pa</p> <p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Paka&#7771 :Sa Ma Ga Ma Dha S'a -- R'e Ne</p> <p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Dha Pa -- M'a Ga M'a Ga Re Sa</blockquote></p> <p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; If Basant melodies do not begin on upper Sa, they will move quickly to it, and then slowly descending on the high <i>V&#257d&#299</i>. Descending <i>v&#257d&#299s</i> are characterized by Ma/<i>tivra</i> - Ga in alternate fast and slow sequence. Sometimes a glide comes between Ne and Dha <i>Komal</i>. In ascending patterns, Re <i>Komal</i> and Pa are avoided.</p> <p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In the Gur&#363 Granth S&#257hib, Gur&#363 N&#257nak, Gur&#363 Amar D&#257s, Gur&#363 R&#257m D&#257s, Gur&#363 Arjan and Gur&#363 Te<u>gh</u> Bah&#257dur, besides Kab&#299r, R&#257m&#257nand, N&#257mdev and Ravid&#257s, have composed hymns in the Basant measure.</p> </font> <p class="BIB"> BIBLIOGRAPHY<p class="C1"><ol class="C1"><li class="C1"> Charan Si&#7749gh, <i>Sr&#299 Gur&#363 Granth B&#257&#7751&#299 Beur&#257</i>. Amritsar, 1860<BR> <li class="C1"> Gi&#257n Si&#7749gh, <i>Gurb&#257&#7751&#299 Sa&#7749g&#299t</i>. Amritsar, 1972<BR> <li class="C1"> Avt&#257r Si&#7749gh, Bh&#257&#299, and Bh&#257&#299 Gurcharan Si&#7749gh, <i>Gurb&#257&#7751&#299 Sa&#7749g&#299t Pr&#257ch&#299n R&#299t Ratn&#257val&#299</i>. Patiala, 1979<BR> <li class="C1"> Sr&#299v&#257stava, Harishchandra, <i>R&#257g - Parichaya</i> (Part IV), Allahabad, 1968<BR> </ol><p class="CONT">Dharam Si&#7749gh<br></p><BR> </font> <img src="counter.aspx" width="1px" height="1px" alt=""> </HTML></BODY>