ÿþ<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>AZ&#298M KH&#256N MUHAMMAD (d. 1823)</TITLE> <style type="text/css"> .BODY { background-color: #EAF1F7; background-image: url('images/gtbh.jpg'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: fixed; background-position: center; color: #0066CC;} .C1{text-align: justify;color: #0066CC;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .BIB{text-align: center;color: #000099;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} .CONT{text-align: right;color: #FF0000;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;} </style><META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="AZ*M"> <META http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"></HEAD> <BODY class="BODY" oncontextmenu="return false" ondragstart="return false" onselectstart="return false"> <FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma"> <p class="C1">&#65279'AZ&#298M <u>KH</u>&#256N, MUHAMMAD (d. 1823), was one of the sons of Paind&#257 <u>Kh</u>&#257n and a brother of Fateh <u>Kh</u>&#257n, who appointed him governor of Kashm&#299r in April 1813. In 1814, Mah&#257r&#257j&#257 Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh made an unsuccessful attempt to conquer Kashm&#299r. On the death of Fateh <u>Kh</u>&#257n in 1818, 'Az&#299m <u>Kh</u>&#257n hurried from Kashm&#299r to K&#257bul, and inflicted a crushing defeat on Prince K&#257mr&#257n, the assassin of Fateh <u>Kh</u>&#257n. He placed Ay&#363b <u>Kh</u>&#257n, a son of Taim&#363r Sh&#257h, on the throne and himself became prime minister. In 1819, Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh conquered Kashm&#299r and, in 1822, he seized the city and province of Pesh&#257war from Y&#257r Muhammad <u>Kh</u>&#257n, brother of 'Az&#299m <u>Kh</u>&#257n. 'Az&#299m <u>Kh</u>&#257n led an expedition to recover Pesh&#257war and launched a holy war against the Sikhs. The Af<u>gh</u>&#257n army stood near Nausher&#257 on both sides of the K&#257bul river. Ra&#7751j&#299t Si&#7749gh himself held command of the Sikh army. A. fierce battle was fought on 14 March 1823. The Af<u>gh</u>&#257n host was defeated and 'Az&#299m <u>Kh</u>&#257n fled to K&#257bul. Pesh&#257war was left with Y&#257r Muhammad <u>Kh</u>&#257n as governor of the Sikh kingdom. 'Az&#299m <u>Kh</u>&#257n died of grief shortly afterwards.</p> </font> <p class="BIB"> BIBLIOGRAPHY<p class="C1"><ol class="C1"><li class="C1"> S&#363r&#299, Sohan L&#257l, '<i>Umd&#257t-ut-Tw&#257r&#299<u>kh</u></i>. Lahore, 1855-89<BR> <li class="C1"> Khushwant Singh, <i>A History of the Sikhs</i>, vol. I. Princeton, 1968<BR> <li class="C1"> Bhagat Si&#7749gh, <i>Maharaja Ranjit Singh and His Times</i>. Delhi, 1990<BR> </ol><p class="CONT">Sard&#257r Si&#7749gh Bh&#257&#7789&#299&#257<br></p><BR> </font> <img src="counter.aspx" width="1px" height="1px" alt=""> </HTML></BODY>